ins and outs of the Batak tribe
Chapter 1 . preliminary
1.1 Background
Batak is one of the tribes residing in Indonesia . In general the Batak tribes inhabiting North Sumatra . Batak tribe be in for five subetnis , namely ;
1 . Toba Batak ( Tapanuli ) , inhabit the district Toba Samosir , North Tapanuli , and Central Tapanuli , sub- ethnic Batak Toba language is put .
2 . Batak Simelungun , inhabiting the district Simalugun , and using language Simelungun .
3 . Batak Karo , Karo district inhabit , use Karo language
4 . Batak Mandailing , inhabit South Tapanuli , using language Mandailing .
5 . Pakpak Batak , Dairi district inhabited areas , Pakpak Bharat , and wear Pakpak language .
To 5 parts above have many cultural similarities to the language . The tribes also both using patrilineal system .
very abundant wealth Batak tribe , either natural or cultural wealth . natural resources in a Batak tribe who presents to the tourist area of outstanding natural beauty is beautiful, including the hill in the district Gundaling karo , soda water bath at Tarutung , cross Siatas Banta Tarutung love , faith Dairi garden tour , Samosir island which famous for its culture , Sipiso - piso waterfall district karo , karo district Sibayak mountain , and the last tour of Lake Toba .
in addition to the wealth of natural , cultural richness Batak artifacts also famous . Batak culture is very well known , because the Batak tribe continues to preserve its culture until now , many types of Batak culture , namely ;
1 . music : music art Batak tribe usually displayed at the wedding and other custom events , art music is usually more prominent in the hobo drum music .
2 . architecture : the art of architecture is in the Batak tribe usually mixes art
3 . carved with custom homes , and similar to the standing buffalo . the house is in karo batak usually larger and higher . while the Toba traditional house called " the house Bolon " smaller than the bulk of indigenous karo .
4 . craft : Craft in Batak tribe has been very popular with ulosnya , Ulos is a very important thing in implementing or following the traditional ceremony or dancing . Ulos generate warmth for the wearer .
5 .
1.2 Problem Formulation
Tree is very necessary in the social life of the hobo community . Tree is used to establish social relationships with other Batak society . But often there are problems that exist on the Tree , which is the lack of knowledge about the Tree itself, we also need to know our current status . Status Batak people is closely associated with the person's name or title , well now a new question arises , namely ;
1 . How many times does the vagabond renamed ?
2 . what the purpose of the Batak renamed ?
3 . What is the relationship of the name change with the day-to- day life ?
1.3 Objectives and Benefits of Writing
Because so many people misunderstanding of Tree hobo, then this article can understand other people , so that the error can be minimized partaromboan . And also for us as the next generation of Batak people , we need to understand what exactly the Batak tribe . Do not get in the future that we forget the indigenous Batak , due to the erosion of time and ketidakingintahuan us against our own tribe .
Chapter 2 . contents
Before civilization progresses, the northern Sumatran region there is no ethnic group as a coherent social unit ( RW Liddle ) . And also in advance , the number of people Batak very little , but has a large area . For the youth it is very difficult to have a companion for their lives . Dexterity , intelligence , and strength is required . No wonder if the first person who can have the strong wife . Why ? Because every youth should migrate to areas that they have never met nor set foot in the area . in some areas there is only one family that inhabits , because if the brother marrying a younger brother or sister is married to the brother forbidden by the Batak tribe , even the whole tribe on the face of this earth . For that if you want to have a wife must go wander . In the youth who are looking for overseas later the couple must fight the champion of the area , if you win then the youth is entitled to part of the land owned by the land owner or the owner's daughter who owned the land . This is done must be accompanied by sufficient knowledge about the Tree it aims to avoid mistakes in the search for a partner, for example, the young man must marry the son of a bone or not one " ompung " in the case for example if the young man surnamed Marbun should not marry Boru Hutauruk .
Similar to running Dalihan Natolu , sufficient knowledge about the Tree . Dalihan Natolu is a kinship system adopted by the hobo community . From which literally means " Dalihan " which means the furnace or " Tataring " and " Natolu " or " Tolu " means three , so the meaning of Dalihan Natolu is a three-legged stove . if eg one leg of a five -legged broken furnace , the furnace can still stand , as well as the four-legged , but if one leg of a three-legged stove broken it will not be able to stand up even to fall . for it was chosen as the name says Dalihan Natolu the Batak kinship system . contents of Dalihan Natolu among others ;
1 ) Somba marhula - hula , means we have to respect the hula or the family of the wife .
2 ) Manat mardongan tubu , it means we have to keep our kinship with the brothers .
3 ) Elek marboru , it means we have to love the family of the husband's sister .
Perhaps we think that the more " taste good if it becomes hula because we will be respected by others . Thoughts like that is wrong , why ? Because we can be a hula - hula , can be dongan tubu , and also we can be Boru . if a man has a sister who is married, she is hula sister of the husband . if we have semarga Brother , we are our brother the tubu dongan . And if a man is already married , then , he was Boru from his wife's family .
Dalihan Natolu also be called a democratic system built by the hobo, a high -ranking person must be willing to work in a traditional party held by the subordinate . Therefore there is no point in the system Dalihan Natolu rank .
Actually, what is meant by Tree , Tree is a genealogy of the origin according to the lineage of the father ( Wikipedia ) . Tree is created to be a vagabond tribe can know its position within the family , within the Tree also clarified about partuturan and our status . Our position in the family . We as the hobo will change positions within our family .
Inside we met Tree genealogy genealogy clans , all clans are from Raja Batak , Batak descent Siraja many contain the word " Nai " said Nai is an honor to call a mother as well as a title . Batak people can change the name of a maximum of 3 times , the first is the name given by his parents , whose second name is the name of the first child begins by amani / nai this thing called " Mangamani " , but if he does not have any children but was married then he called amani / nai paima or using the name of the second or third child of his brother who has not been used yet . And the last third is wearing a name by prefixing the name of her first grandchild oppung and this is called the " Mangompuni " .
It aims to clarify our position in the family of our own , with our position as a child " Gelleng " or in the " Mangamani " and as " Mangompuni " . And also that the hobo tradition handed down for generations and can be timeless in future .
The name or title are closely related to the family environment . customary title in the event serves as a benchmark levels of quality of an event . At the funeral ceremony of indigenous Batak there are different levels, namely
1 ) The death of a child : the child 's death was not in pestakan ( Marmanuk Puti )
a) Mapponggol ulu : boy 's death
b ) Martompas tataring : death of daughter
2 ) Parolang - olangan : the death of the man or woman who is married but has no children and Boru partying Olang - olangan hallmark of this party is a lot of people do not have the heart to eat the rice or the feast . And pray that does not happen again like this .
3 ) Mangidotangian : the death of a man or woman whose son was still unmarried and not Air grandchildren or " Marpahompu " .
4 ) Sari matua : someone who died whether husband or istriyang already bercucu either of the male or female or both , but there are still among his children who are unmarried ( hotripe ) . ( Ev H simanjuntak , Bmt simanjuntak , Constan Pardede , Rps Janter Aruan Sh ) matua special juice can be filed in order to be made into saur matua , namely to dongan sahuta .
5 ) Saur matua : people who die in a state of titir maranak , titir marboru , cyan marpahompu child , cyan marpahompu Boru . Usually animals are slaughtered for ina Horbo sitio - tio lebhi full " Sitio Lombu - Tio - Huling Marhuling Horbo " , and the father is Horbo " Sigagat Duhut "
6 ) Mauli bulung : maranak titir position , titir marboru , cyan marpahompu child , cyan marpahompu borboru Sahat tu mar na nini , nono Sahat tu na mar and mar possibility ondok ondok ( son of ninny or nono or both ) , and during his life , no one who died before him and he was probably already very long. His position was not in the usual position above the fold in the chest , but aligned parallel to the body . At this party usually people should not cry for the death of this man is considered a great pleasure for offspring . They should be grateful and rejoice , and partying but not the rah- rah party .
On the death of Sari matua party and Saur matua tonggo event will be king before the party or ceremony, it aims to prepare the event will be held . But why did not the king tonggo event held at the deputy and parolan marmanuk - olangan ? Tonggo event is not held in the king's deputy and parolang marmanuk - olangan because the event does not require a custom event . how good and clever our ancestors create the hobo 's customary for us " Pinomparnya "
Chapter . 3 Cover
3.1 Conclusion
Batak is one of the most recognized tribes in Indonesia . In general the Batak tribe be in for five subetnis , namely ;
1 . Toba Batak ( Tapanuli ) .
2 . Batak Simelungun .
3 . Batak Karo .
4 . Batak Mandailing .
5 . Batak Pakpak .
To 5 parts above have many cultural similarities to the language . Before Christianity and Islam came to the region hobo, vagabond many people adopts dynamism , Animism and Polytheism . Batak tribe has a variety of types of wealth , natural resources , cultural heritage and has other wealth . the youth is very difficult to have a companion for their lives . Because every youth should migrate to areas that they have never met nor set foot in the area . Similar to running Dalihan Natolu Tree is needed in the system to migrate and run Dalihan Natolu . Dalihan Natolu is a kinship system adopted by the hobo community .
1 . Somba marhula - hula .
2 . Manat mardongan tubu .
3 . Elek marboru .
Actually, what is meant by Tree , Tree is a genealogy of the origin according to the lineage of the father . Batak people can change the name of a maximum of 3 times , the first is the name given by his parents . The second name is the name of the first child begins by amani / nai this thing called " mangamani " . And the last third is wearing a name by prefixing the name of her first grandchild oppung and this is called the " mangompuni " . degree also helps customary or traditional party of death . orgy of death there are several types , namely ;
1 . Marmanuk Puti
2 . Parolang - olangan
3 . Mangidotangian
4 . Sari matua
5 . Saur matua
6 . Mauli bulung
On the death of cider matua party and saur matua tonggo event will be king before the party or ceremony, it aims to prepare the event will be held .
3.2 Advice
Batak is a legacy of our ancestors handed down to us , for that we must take good care of that tradition or legacy can we preserve . For what we need to preserve our tradition ? If now we have more and more people are leaving the hobo own culture , for example, they do not wear anymore clan . In addition to the damage or the hobo culture kelunturan due to cultural amalgamation with other cultures , and leaves his native culture itself , so let us preserve our culture . " Be proud to be a vagabond " .
Bibliography
Liddle , R.W. Ethnicity , Party And National Integration : an Indonesian case study . New Haven : Yale University Press
Polo, M , Yule H , Cordier H. The Travels Of Marco Polo : The Complete Yule Edriom Cordier , S. Dover Pubn
Junghunn , F , Diee Battlämde Auf Sumatra , ( 1847) Vol . 11 . P. 249 .
Internet sources :
id.wikipedia.com
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